@@ -107,17 +107,6 @@ FbTk::MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::focusedWindowChanged));
     }
 }
 
-void FocusableList::update(FbTk::Subject *subj) {
-    if (subj == 0 || m_screen.isShuttingdown())
-        return;
-
-    if (typeid(*subj) == typeid(FluxboxWindow::WinSubject)) {
-        FluxboxWindow::WinSubject *fsubj =
-            static_cast<FluxboxWindow::WinSubject *>(subj);
-        windowUpdated(fsubj->win());
-    }
-}
-
 void FocusableList::windowUpdated(FluxboxWindow &fbwin) {
     if (m_screen.isShuttingdown())
         return;
@@ -243,7 +232,7 @@ void FocusableList::remove(Focusable &win) {
     // if the window isn't already in this list, we could send a bad signal
     bool contained = contains(win);
 
-    detachSignals(win);
+    m_signal_map.erase(&win);
     if (!contained) {
         return;
     }
@@ -257,50 +246,30 @@ }
 #include "Debug.hh"
 
 void FocusableList::attachSignals(Focusable &win) {
-    if (m_parent) {
-        FluxboxWindow *fbwin = win.fbwindow();
+    if (m_parent == NULL)
+        return;
 
-        // attach various signals for matching
-        FbTk::RefCount<FbTk::SignalTracker> &tracker = m_signal_map[&win];
-        if (! tracker) {
-            // we have not attached to this window yet
-            tracker = new SignalTracker;
-            tracker->join(win.titleSig(), MemFunSelectArg1(*this, &FocusableList::updateTitle));
-            tracker->join(win.dieSig(), MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::remove));
-            if(fbwin) {
-                tracker->join(fbwin->workspaceSig(),
-                            MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::windowUpdated)
-                        );
-                tracker->join(fbwin->stateSig(),
-                            MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::windowUpdated)
-                        );
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (!fbwin)
-            return;
-        fbwin->layerSig().attach(this);
-        // TODO: can't watch (head=...) yet
-    }
-}
+    FluxboxWindow *fbwin = win.fbwindow();
 
-void FocusableList::detachSignals(Focusable &win) {
-    m_signal_map.erase(&win);
-    if (m_parent) {
-        // detach various signals for matching
-        FluxboxWindow *fbwin = win.fbwindow();
-        if (!fbwin)
-            return;
-        fbwin->layerSig().detach(this);
-        // TODO: can't watch (head=...) yet
+    // attach various signals for matching
+    FbTk::RefCount<FbTk::SignalTracker> &tracker = m_signal_map[&win];
+    if (! tracker) {
+        // we have not attached to this window yet
+        tracker = new SignalTracker;
+        tracker->join(win.titleSig(), MemFunSelectArg1(*this, &FocusableList::updateTitle));
+        tracker->join(win.dieSig(), MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::remove));
+        if(fbwin) {
+            tracker->join(fbwin->workspaceSig(), MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::windowUpdated));
+            tracker->join(fbwin->stateSig(), MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::windowUpdated));
+            tracker->join(fbwin->layerSig(), MemFun(*this, &FocusableList::windowUpdated));
+            // TODO: can't watch (head=...) yet
+        }
     }
 }
 
 void FocusableList::reset() {
-    while (!m_list.empty()) {
-        detachSignals(*m_list.back());
-        m_list.pop_back();
-    }
+    m_signal_map.clear();
+    m_list.clear();
     m_pat->resetMatches();
     if (m_parent)
         addMatching();

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class Focusable;
 class WinClient;
 class FluxboxWindow;
 
-class FocusableList: public FbTk::Observer, private FbTk::NotCopyable,
+class FocusableList: private FbTk::NotCopyable,
                      private FbTk::SignalTracker {
 public:
     typedef std::list<Focusable *> Focusables;
@@ -57,8 +57,6 @@ const std::string pat);
 
     static void parseArgs(const std::string &in, int &opts, std::string &out);
     static const FocusableList *getListFromOptions(BScreen &scr, int opts);
-
-    void update(FbTk::Subject *subj);
 
     /// functions for modifying the list contents
     void pushFront(Focusable &win);
@@ -94,7 +92,6 @@ void addMatching();
     void checkUpdate(Focusable &win);
     bool insertFromParent(Focusable &win);
     void attachSignals(Focusable &win);
-    void detachSignals(Focusable &win);
     void reset();
     void attachChild(FocusableList &child) const;
     void workspaceChanged(BScreen &screen);

@@ -260,7 +260,6 @@ FluxboxWindow::FluxboxWindow(WinClient &client):
     Focusable(client.screen(), this),
     oplock(false),
     m_hintsig(*this),
-    m_layersig(*this),
     m_creation_time(0),
     moving(false), resizing(false),
     m_initialized(false),
@@ -626,7 +625,7 @@ // TODO: one day these should probably be neatened to only act on the
     // affected clients if possible
     m_statesig.emit(*this);
     m_workspacesig.emit(*this);
-    m_layersig.notify();
+    m_layersig.emit(*this);
 
     if (was_focused) {
         // don't ask me why, but client doesn't seem to keep focus in new window
@@ -1545,7 +1544,7 @@ m_state.layernum = layernum;
 
     if (m_initialized) {
         fbdbg<<this<<" notify layer signal"<<endl;
-        m_layersig.notify();
+        m_layersig.emit(*this);
     }
 }
 

@@ -459,8 +459,7 @@ @name signals
        @{
     */
     FbTk::Signal<FluxboxWindow &> &stateSig() { return m_statesig; }
-    FbTk::Subject &layerSig() { return m_layersig; }
-    const FbTk::Subject &layerSig() const { return m_layersig; }
+    FbTk::Signal<FluxboxWindow &> &layerSig() { return m_layersig; }
     FbTk::Subject &hintSig() { return m_hintsig; }
     const FbTk::Subject &hintSig() const { return m_hintsig; }
     FbTk::Signal<FluxboxWindow &> &workspaceSig() { return m_workspacesig; }
@@ -539,9 +538,8 @@ void workspaceAreaChanged(BScreen &screen);
 
 
     // state and hint signals
-    WinSubject m_hintsig,
-        m_layersig;
-    FbTk::Signal<FluxboxWindow &> m_workspacesig, m_statesig;
+    WinSubject m_hintsig;
+    FbTk::Signal<FluxboxWindow &> m_workspacesig, m_statesig, m_layersig;
 
     time_t m_creation_time;
 

@@ -940,24 +940,6 @@ }
 }
 
 
-void Fluxbox::update(FbTk::Subject *changedsub) {
-    //TODO: fix signaling, this does not look good
-    FluxboxWindow *fbwin = 0;
-
-    if (typeid(*changedsub) == typeid(FluxboxWindow::WinSubject)) {
-        FluxboxWindow::WinSubject *winsub = dynamic_cast<FluxboxWindow::WinSubject *>(changedsub);
-        fbwin = &winsub->win();
-    } else if (typeid(*changedsub) == typeid(Focusable::FocusSubject)) {
-        Focusable::FocusSubject *winsub = dynamic_cast<Focusable::FocusSubject *>(changedsub);
-        fbwin = winsub->win().fbwindow();
-    }
-
-    if (fbwin && &fbwin->layerSig() == changedsub) { // layer signal
-        STLUtil::forAllIf(m_atomhandler, mem_fun(&AtomHandler::update),
-            CallMemFunWithRefArg<AtomHandler, FluxboxWindow&, void>(&AtomHandler::updateLayer, *fbwin));
-    }
-}
-
 void Fluxbox::windowDied(Focusable &focusable) {
     FluxboxWindow *fbwin = focusable.fbwindow();
 
@@ -1024,11 +1006,15 @@ scr.reassociateWindow(&win, scr.currentWorkspaceID(), true);
     }
 }
 
+void Fluxbox::windowLayerChanged(FluxboxWindow &win) {
+    STLUtil::forAllIf(m_atomhandler, mem_fun(&AtomHandler::update),
+        CallMemFunWithRefArg<AtomHandler, FluxboxWindow&, void>(&AtomHandler::updateLayer, win));
+}
+
 void Fluxbox::attachSignals(FluxboxWindow &win) {
-    win.hintSig().attach(this);
     join(win.stateSig(), FbTk::MemFun(*this, &Fluxbox::windowStateChanged));
     join(win.workspaceSig(), FbTk::MemFun(*this, &Fluxbox::windowWorkspaceChanged));
-    win.layerSig().attach(this);
+    join(win.layerSig(), FbTk::MemFun(*this, &Fluxbox::windowLayerChanged));
     join(win.dieSig(), FbTk::MemFun(*this, &Fluxbox::windowDied));
     STLUtil::forAll(m_atomhandler,
             CallMemFunWithRefArg<AtomHandler, FluxboxWindow&, void>(&AtomHandler::setupFrame, win));

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ 
 #include "FbTk/App.hh"
 #include "FbTk/Resource.hh"
 #include "FbTk/Timer.hh"
-#include "FbTk/Observer.hh"
 #include "FbTk/SignalHandler.hh"
 #include "FbTk/Signal.hh"
 
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ singleton type
 */
 class Fluxbox : public FbTk::App,
                 public FbTk::SignalEventHandler,
-                public FbTk::Observer,
                 private FbTk::SignalTracker {
 public:
     Fluxbox(int argc, char **argv,
@@ -156,7 +154,6 @@ void reconfigure();
 
     /// handle any system signal sent to the application
     void handleSignal(int signum);
-    void update(FbTk::Subject *changed);
     /// todo, remove this. just temporary
     void updateFrameExtents(FluxboxWindow &win);
 
@@ -225,6 +222,8 @@ /// Called when a window changes workspace
     void windowWorkspaceChanged(FluxboxWindow &win);
     /// Called when a window changes state
     void windowStateChanged(FluxboxWindow &win);
+    /// Called when a window layer changes
+    void windowLayerChanged(FluxboxWindow &win);
 
     std::auto_ptr<FbAtoms> m_fbatoms;